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明清两代科举考试前后六道关卡:县试、府试、院试,统称小考,目的是考成生员(秀才),取得正式科举考试的资格。接下去,是秋试(正式名称乡试,也称秋闱),中式的为举人;然后春试(正式名称会试),考中者为贡士。这两次考试至关重要。最后,殿试,不再黜落,都是进士,仅区分等级、名次而已。其中一甲进士及第,状元、榜眼、探花三人;二甲进士出身,百名上下:三甲同进士出身,二三百人。
Ming and Qing two imperial examinations before and after the six checkpoints: county test, government test, hospital test, collectively referred to as a test, the purpose is to test a student (scholar), obtain official examination qualifications. Next, the autumn test (the official name of the township test, also known as autumn 闱), the Chinese for the lifts; then the spring test (the official name will try), the test who is Gongshi. These two exams are crucial. Finally, the test, no longer fall, are Jinshi, only to distinguish between grades, ranking only. One of a Jinshi and first, champion, second place, third of three; Jinshi secondary origin, one hundred up and down: the top three with the jinshi origin, two or three hundred people.