文章分析了苏联铁路发展重载运输的目的、历程、主要经验及其效果;参考苏联铁路的经验并分析我国铁路的特点后提出,我国铁路应尽力把始发直达、技术直达、循环直达等纳入重载运输的轨道,因地制宜地采取长重列车、合并列车、万吨列车等形式,尽快地把主要干线的列车重量提高到5000t 左右。 The article analyzes the purpose, history, main experience and effect of heavy-haul transport in the Soviet Union’s railway. By referring to the experiences of the Soviet Union and analyzing the characteristics of our country’s railways, the author puts forward that our country’s railways should make every effort to include the direct, direct, Overloaded transport tracks, according to local conditions to take long heavy train, combined train, 10,000 tons of trains and other forms, as soon as possible the main trunk train weight increased to 5000t or so.