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为了解核桃经济林地土壤氮素利用状况及分布特征,选取陕西省核桃主产区宜君县作为研究对象,分别采集4个不同树龄,5个不同种植模式下的土壤样品,分析其土壤全氮(TN)、硝态氮(NO_3~--N)、铵态氮(NH_4~+-N)以及无机态氮(IN)含量及分布特征。结果表明:随着核桃生长年限增加,核桃经济林地土壤氮素养分含量逐渐增加,变异程度逐渐减小,但其氮素养分含量整体偏低,大部分处于较低水平以下;核桃与其他作物间作也影响了土壤氮素养分含量,但间作可以调节和改善土壤氮素养分的平衡。建议在核桃生长初期制定相应的施肥方案,做到科学合理施肥;在间作模式下,将作物收获后的秸秆直接还田,并配施一定量的有机肥,用以补充土壤养分的损失,协调土壤养分的平衡。
In order to understand the status and distribution characteristics of soil nitrogen utilization in the walnut economic forest land, we selected the soil samples from 4 different tree planting ages and 5 different planting modes in Yijun County, the main producing area of walnut in Shaanxi Province. Soil nitrogen TN, NO_3 ~ - N, NH_4 ~ + -N, and inorganic nitrogen (IN) contents and their distribution characteristics. The results showed that with the growth of walnut growing age, the content of nitrogen in walnut forest increased gradually and the degree of variation gradually decreased, but the content of nitrogen in the walnut forest was generally low, mostly below the lower level. The intercropping of walnut with other crops But also affected soil nitrogen nutrient content, but intercropping can regulate and improve the balance of soil nitrogen nutrient. Proposed in the early stages of walnut growth to develop the appropriate fertilization program, so that scientific and rational fertilization; in the intercropping mode, the straw crop harvested directly back to the field, and with a certain amount of organic fertilizer, to supplement the loss of soil nutrients, coordination Soil nutrient balance.