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目的了解外来务工人员生活质量和主要健康生活方式,为改善和提高其生活质量提供依据。方法对上海市青浦区某社区企业员工进行整群随机抽样,统一制订调查问卷,采取一对一问卷的方式进行调查,调查主要内容包括收入、居住环境、工作时间、休息时间和嗜好等,用成组比较的方法进行分析。结果调查1 607名企业员工,其中外来务工人员803人,该地户籍员工804人;外来务工人员主要存在收入低、居住环境差、工作时间长、休息时间无保证等问题;外来务工者中吸烟、饮酒不良嗜好较严重;日均工作时间超过8 h,平均在9 h以上,周工作时间达6 d,收缩压和舒张压均值分别为135和82 mm Hg;日均睡眠时间7.2 h,入睡时间短于20 min;大部分人的月均收入在2 500~3 500元。结论外来务工人员生活质量尚可,身体健康,但是不能忽视健康工人效应;不良生活习惯对今后的健康潜在威胁。
Objective To understand the quality of life and the main healthy lifestyles of migrant workers, and provide a basis for improving and improving their quality of life. Methods A group of employees in a community in Qingpu District of Shanghai were randomly selected for cluster sampling. The survey questionnaires were uniformly formulated and surveyed by one-on-one questionnaire. The main contents of the survey include income, living environment, working hours, rest time and hobbies Group comparison method for analysis. Results A total of 1 607 employees were surveyed, of whom 803 were migrant workers and 804 were registered permanent residents. The migrant workers mainly experienced such problems as low income, poor living environment, long working hours and no guarantee for rest periods. Smoking among migrant workers , Drinking more serious bad habits; average daily working time more than 8 h, an average of more than 9 h, working week up to 6 d, mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 135 and 82 mm Hg; average daily sleep time 7.2 h, falling asleep Time is shorter than 20 minutes; most people’s monthly income is between 2 500 ~ 3 500 yuan. Conclusion The quality of life of migrant workers is acceptable and good health, but the effects of health workers can not be ignored; the adverse health habits pose a potential threat to health in the future.