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慢性乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染是全世界关注的公共卫生问题。我国是乙肝高流行区,每年约有150万乙肝病毒携带者分娩,近半数胎儿通过母婴垂直传播感染乙肝。由于婴幼儿期感染乙肝后形成的免疫耐受,往往成为慢性甚至终身携带者,逐渐发展为肝硬化、肝癌。近年来的研究发现,PI3-Akt信号通路与妊娠生及或病理过程关系密切,在感染HBV的胎盘组织中发现PI3K-Akt信号通路中相关蛋白表达异常增高,且HBx Ag干扰该通路调节凋亡功能。推断HBx Ag通过调节PI3K-Akt信号通路活性影响胎盘功能,是HBV宫内感染的一种重要分子机制。为今后阻断HBV宫内感染提供新的研究方向。
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a public health issue of concern worldwide. China is a high prevalence area of hepatitis B, with about 1.5 million people carrying hepatitis B virus every year. Nearly half of the fetuses are infected with hepatitis B through the vertical transmission of mother and baby. Due to infantile infection of hepatitis B after the formation of immune tolerance, often become chronic or even lifelong carriers, and gradually developed into cirrhosis, liver cancer. In recent years, the study found that, PI3-Akt signaling pathway and pregnancy or pathological processes are closely related to the placenta infection in HBV-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway associated protein expression was abnormally increased, and HBx Ag interfere with the pathway to regulate apoptosis Features. It is concluded that HBx Ag can affect placental function by regulating the activity of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and is an important molecular mechanism of HBV intrauterine infection. For the future block intrauterine HBV infection provide a new research direction.