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【目的】探究新疆低阶煤生物甲烷转化过程微生物群落组成及多样性。【方法】采用厌氧培养方法和末端限制性片段长度多态性技术(Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism,T-RFLP)分析新疆低阶煤本源微生物对甲烷转化及有机酸含量的影响,分析新疆哈密大南湖长焰煤生物甲烷转化过程中微生物群落动态变化。【结果】研究表明长焰煤和褐煤对本源微生物产甲烷影响较小,随着低阶煤生物甲烷转化时间的延长,甲烷产量呈上升趋势,转化60 d后长焰煤甲烷产量高达10.28 m L/g,挥发性有机酸(VFA)浓度则最低;微生物多样性指数变化不明显,不同转化时间微生物主要类群为放线菌门(Actinobacteria),拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),变形菌门(Proteobacteria);甲烷菌的群落结构相对于细菌较简单,在整个低阶煤生物转化产甲烷过程中共有古菌类群为甲烷八叠球菌属(Methanosarcina)、甲烷盐菌属(Methanohalobium)、甲烷叶菌属(Methanolobus)、甲烷食甲基菌属(Methanomethylovorans),它们是构成群落结构的基本菌群。【结论】低阶煤生物甲烷转化过程微生物群落具有丰富的多样性,且不同时期多样性有较大差异。甲烷菌群落结构相对于细菌较简单,共有类群明显。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the composition and diversity of microbial communities in low-rank coal bio-methane conversion process in Xinjiang. 【Method】 The effects of low-rank coal-derived microbes in Xinjiang on methane conversion and organic acid content were analyzed by anaerobic culture and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) Dynamic Changes of Microbial Community in Biomass Methane Transformation of Nanchang Longyan Coal. 【Result】 The results showed that long-flame coal and lignite had little effect on methane production by indigenous microorganisms. With the prolongation of bio-methane conversion time from low-rank coal, the methane production showed an upward trend. After 60 days of conversion, the long-flame coal methane production reached as high as 10.28 m L / g, while VFA concentration was the lowest. There was no significant change in microbial diversity index. The main groups of microorganisms at different conversion time were Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes ) And Proteobacteria. The community structure of methanobacteria is relatively simple compared with that of bacteria. During the process of bioconversion of methane to low-rank coal, the total number of archaea was Methanosarcina, Methanosarcina Methanohalobium, Methanolobus, Methanomethylovorans, which are basic microflora that make up the community structure. 【Conclusion】 The microbial community in low-rank coal bio-methane conversion process is rich in diversity, and the diversity of different stages is quite different. Methanobacteria community structure is relatively simple compared to bacteria, the total population obvious.