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对新疆主要渔区池塘水源水和养殖水的质量现状和污染特征进行了研究,测定了总大肠菌群、汞、镉、铅、铬、砷、铜、锌、氟化物、挥发性酚、甲基对硫磷、马拉硫磷、乐果、六六六(丙体)、滴滴涕(ο,ρ’-DDT、ρ,ρ’-DDT、ρ,ρ’-DDD、ρ,ρ’-DDE)15个项目。结果表明:两种水质的合格率较高,水源水为90%,养殖水为70%。水源水中主要污染物为总大肠菌群,养殖水中主要污染物为总大肠菌群和氟化物。在此基础上,采用综合污染指数对水质进行了评价。结果显示,新疆池塘水源水和养殖水均为尚清洁,综合污染指数分别为0.54和0.92。不同种类水源水综合污染指数从低到高依次为地下水<湖水<河水<水库水;不同区域养殖水综合污染指数从低到高依次为东疆<南疆<北疆。
The quality status and pollution characteristics of water and aquaculture water in ponds of main fishing areas in Xinjiang were studied. The total coliforms, mercury, cadmium, lead, chromium, arsenic, copper, zinc, fluoride, volatile phenol, Parathion, malathion, dimethoate, hexacosane (DDB), DDT (ο, ρ’-DDT, ρ, ρ’-DDT, ρ, ρ’-DDD, ρ, ρ’-DDE 15 items. The results showed that the qualified rate of the two water quality is high, the source water is 90%, the breeding water is 70%. The main pollutants in water are total coliforms, and the main pollutants in aquaculture water are total coliforms and fluoride. Based on this, the water quality was evaluated by the comprehensive pollution index. The results showed that both the water source and the cultivation water in ponds in Xinjiang were clean while the integrated pollution index was 0.54 and 0.92 respectively. The comprehensive pollution index of different kinds of source water from low to high followed by groundwater .