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目的建立十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法(sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,SDS-PAGE)鉴定核桃、杏仁、花生、大豆中的蛋白成分,并分析植物蛋白饮料中蛋白质的来源。方法采用一步法植物活性蛋白质提取试剂盒分别提取预处理后的核桃、杏仁、花生、大豆等样品中的蛋白质成分,计算蛋白质的相对分子量,之后分别进行SDS-PAGE检测得到这几种蛋白成分的特征条带,并对不同样品中蛋白成分的电泳图谱进行比对。结果每一物种都有相对应的蛋白指纹图谱,不同种类的核桃含有相同的蛋白质亚基,具有高同源性,但核桃与花生、黄豆和杏仁含有不同种类大小的蛋白,具有高特异性。结论本方法快速、准确、灵敏,可有效分析植物蛋白饮料中各类蛋白质的来源,对食品中植物源性成分的鉴定具有重要意义。
Objective To establish a method for the determination of protein in walnut, almond, peanut and soybean by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) source. Methods The protein components of the pretreated walnut, almond, peanut, soybean and other samples were extracted by one-step plant active protein extraction kit, and then the relative molecular weights of the proteins were calculated. The protein components of these proteins were determined by SDS-PAGE Characteristic bands, and the protein profiles of different samples were compared. As a result, each species has a corresponding protein fingerprinting pattern. Different types of walnuts contain the same protein subunits with high homology. However, walnuts and peanuts, soybeans and almonds contain proteins of different sizes and have high specificity. Conclusion The method is rapid, accurate and sensitive, and can effectively analyze the sources of various types of proteins in vegetable protein beverages. It is of great significance for the identification of plant-derived components in food.