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西方现代管理体系的发展,大致经历了三个历史阶段:70年代以前以科学管理为主的阶段;70年代以战略管理为特征的阶段;80年代以后注重管理哲学的阶段。这三个阶段的内容,是前后相继的,高级阶段均保留了低级阶段的内容,从而构成了一个具有层次性的体系。现代西方管理体系包含三个层次,而大致上这三个层次内容的形成与其管理理论发展的三个阶段是吻合的。
The development of the modern western management system generally goes through three historical stages: the stage dominated by scientific management before the 1970s; the stage characterized by strategic management in the 1970s; and the stage focusing on management philosophy since the 1980s. The content of these three stages is one after another, and the advanced stages retain the contents of the lower stages, thus forming a hierarchical system. The modern western management system consists of three levels, and the formation of these three levels roughly coincides with the three stages of the development of management theory.