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本文系统研究了车桥耦合动力系统的分析方法。随着铁路技术的发展,车桥耦合动力分析日臻成熟,此类研究对评判桥梁设计方案、确保列车运行的安全性与平稳性具有重要意义。车桥耦合动力研究中考虑轨道不平顺、结构变形、风荷载、撞击荷载、结构损伤、基础冲刷和地震等因素的影响,其研究方法主要包括解析法、数值模拟法以及试验研究法三类。本文的车辆子系统模型以刚体动力学方法建立,桥梁子系统模型以有限元方法建立,竖向与横向轮轨关系分别以轮轨密贴假定和Kalker线性蠕滑理论定义。车桥耦合动力方程以全过程迭代法求解。算例讨论了CRH380BL高速列车通过我国标准设计桥梁的动力响应,计算了车速200~400 km·h~(–1)范围内车辆与桥梁子系统的动力响应,并分析了振动发生的机理。
This paper systematically studies the analysis method of vehicle-bridge coupling dynamic system. With the development of railway technology, the dynamic analysis of the coupling of vehicle and bridge is becoming more and more mature. Such research is of great significance for evaluating the design of the bridge and ensuring the safety and stability of the train. The research methods of the vehicle-bridge coupling dynamic include the influence of the track irregularity, the structural deformation, the wind load, the impact load, the structural damage, the foundation erosion and the earthquake. The research methods include analytic method, numerical simulation method and experimental research method. The vehicle subsystem model of this paper is established by the method of rigid body dynamics. The bridge subsystem model is established by finite element method. The relationship between vertical and horizontal wheel-rail is defined by the wheel-rail close-fitting assumption and the Kalker linear creep theory respectively. The vehicle-bridge coupling dynamic equation is solved by the whole process iteration method. An example is given to discuss the dynamic response of the CRH380BL high-speed train through the design of bridges in China. The dynamic response of the vehicle and bridge subsystems with a speed of 200 ~ 400 km · h ~ (-1) is calculated and the vibration mechanism is analyzed.