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恒阻抗TEM喇叭天线具有沿轴线方向特性阻抗为一恒定值的特点,所以喇叭内的反射损耗非常小,常用于超宽带电磁脉冲的辐射与接收。为了提高恒阻抗TEM喇叭天线远场主射方向脉冲峰峰值,通过数值仿真和实验测试研究了天线口径以及特性阻抗值与远场主射脉冲的关系。研究发现,天线沿主轴方向长度一定时,脉冲源通过50Ω同轴线直接向天线馈电,远场主射方向脉冲峰峰值先随天线口径增大而迅速增加,当口径达到某一值时,脉冲峰峰值达到最大值,如果继续增大口径,脉冲峰峰值开始缓慢下降。对于各个特性阻抗值不同的TEM喇叭天线,当它们分别选取上述峰峰值最大对应的口径时,280Ω的恒阻抗天线远场主射方向脉冲峰峰值最大。
The constant impedance TEM horn antenna has the characteristics of a constant value along the axis of the characteristic impedance, so the speaker within the reflection loss is very small, commonly used in the ultra-wideband electromagnetic pulse radiation and reception. In order to improve the peak-to-peak pulse of the far-field main-fire direction of constant-impedance TEM horn antenna, the relationship between the antenna aperture and the characteristic impedance and the far-field primary impulse was studied through numerical simulation and experimental tests. It is found that when the length of the antenna along the major axis is constant, the pulse source feeds the antenna directly through the 50Ω coaxial line, and the peak-to-peak pulse of the far-field main emission first increases rapidly with the increase of the antenna aperture. When the aperture reaches a certain value, Peak pulse peak reached its maximum, if you continue to increase the caliber, pulse peak began to decline slowly. For each TEM horn antenna with different characteristic impedance values, the maximum peak-to-peak value of the far-field main radiation pulse of a 280Ω constant impedance antenna when they respectively select the maximum corresponding peak-peak values.