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口服给药因简便易操作、不直接损伤机体皮肤或粘膜、生产成本低、可用于长期给药等优点被大多数患者接受。然而,许多药物由于溶解度低、稳定性差和较低的渗透性等因素而难以跨越胃肠道粘膜屏障,导致口服生物利用度低。研究发现,结构和性能相似的载体材料可在水溶液中自发形成混合胶束体系用于包载难溶性药物。与传统的单一胶束制剂相比,混合胶束因具有更好的稳定性、更高的载药量和更强的抗稀释能力而备受关注。将混合胶束用于口服给药系统有助于显著提高难溶性药物在水中的溶解度,保护其免遭胃肠道消化液的降解,增加药物在吸收部位的浓度,从而促进药物的口服吸收。文章结合具体实例,综述了混合胶束在口服给药系统中的最新进展,以为后续研究提供参考。
Oral administration is simple and easy to operate, does not directly damage the body’s skin or mucous membranes, low production costs, can be used for long-term administration and other advantages accepted by most patients. However, many drugs find it difficult to cross the gastrointestinal mucosal barrier due to low solubility, poor stability, and low permeability, resulting in low oral bioavailability. The study found that the structure and performance of similar carrier materials can spontaneously form a mixed micellar system in aqueous solution for the inclusion of poorly soluble drugs. Much attention has been paid to mixed micelles for better stability, higher drug loading, and greater resistance to dilution than traditional single micellar formulations. The use of mixed micelles for oral delivery systems can significantly improve the solubility of poorly soluble drugs in water, protect them from degradation of gastrointestinal digestive juices, and increase the concentration of the drug at the site of absorption, thereby promoting oral absorption of the drug. In this paper, the latest progress of the mixed micelles in the oral delivery system is reviewed combining with specific examples to provide references for the follow-up study.