临床试验研究是验证治疗方法的主要手段,且可为探索有关癌症的预防、早期发现、早期诊断、康复等方面的新概念提供重要依据。同时,发展生药效应调节剂(BRM)及辅助化疗决策等都有赖于临床试验的考核。再者,在开展癌症的心理、社会因素、行为干预与生活质量等研究以及医疗保健措施的费用—效益评价方面,临床试验也是一项必不可少的判断方法。根据美国 NCI 资料,60年代每3例癌症患者中仅有1例获得5年生存;而到80年代, Clinical trial research is the main method for verifying treatment methods, and it can provide important evidence for exploring new concepts in cancer prevention, early detection, early diagnosis, and rehabilitation. At the same time, the development of biochemical effect modifiers (BRM) and adjuvant chemotherapy decisions all rely on the assessment of clinical trials. Furthermore, clinical trials are also an indispensable method for assessing the psychological, social, behavioral, and quality of life of cancer, and the cost-benefit assessment of health care measures. According to the NCI data of the United States, only 1 out of every 3 cancer patients in the 1960s achieved 5-year survival; by the 1980s,