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目的了解天津市结核病患者中人类免疫缺陷病毒感染的流行特征及临床特点,为制定有针对性的TB/HIV双重感染防治策略提供科学依据。方法调查分析2010-2013年在某院登记报告的结核病人的HIV抗体检测情况及疾病相关信息,HIV初筛试验用ELISA法,初筛阳性者进一步做免疫印迹(WB)试验确证。结果 5 974例结核病患者中实际检测HIV抗体5 027人,筛查率84.15%,其中HIV阳性20例,HIV感染率为0.40%,各年度HIV感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在筛查的结核病患者中以男性、本地户籍、涂阴及无痰结核病、其他类型结核的HIV感染率较高。20例双感患者全部为男性,传播途径以性传播为主。结论目前天津市的结核病患者中HIV感染率虽低于全国平均水平,但是TB/HIV双重感染不容忽视。应加强结核病人HIV抗体的检测,对控制TB/HIV双重感染有重要意义。
Objective To understand the epidemiological and clinical features of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in patients with tuberculosis in Tianjin and to provide a scientific basis for the development of targeted TB / HIV dual infection prevention and control strategies. Methods HIV antibody detection and disease-related information of TB patients registered and reported in a hospital from 2010 to 2013 were analyzed and analyzed. HIV screening test was further confirmed by Western blot (WB) by ELISA and primary screening. Results Among 5 974 tuberculosis patients, 5 027 HIV antibodies were detected. The screening rate was 84.15%. Among them, 20 were HIV positive and the HIV infection rate was 0.40%. There was no significant difference in HIV prevalence between years (P> 0.05). Among the TB patients screened for tuberculosis, male, local household registration, smear-negative and sputum-free TB, HIV infection rates were higher in other types of tuberculosis. 20 cases of dual-sense patients are all men, the main route of transmission of sexual transmission. Conclusions Although the prevalence of HIV infection in TB patients in Tianjin is lower than the national average level, TB / HIV dual infection can not be ignored. The detection of HIV antibodies in TB patients should be strengthened and it is of great significance to control TB / HIV dual infection.