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由于其低毒和易得的特点,天然产物被认为具有成为化学预防药物的巨大潜力。然而,口服生物利用度差的问题限制了许多天然产物在体内发挥其生物效应。本文综述了影响几类重要的化学预防天然产物生物利用度的因素,这些天然产物包括白藜芦醇、姜黄素、黄连素、染料木素、槲皮素、葱蒜属化合物、人参皂甙化合物K等。最新研究数据表明,尽管化学和微生物稳定性也在其中发挥作用,细胞膜透过率、溶解性和代谢是限制天然产物口服生物利用度的主要因素。今后相关研究的一个重要方向是进一步优化天然产物的口服生物利用度,并实现其体内的化学预防和治疗效果。
Due to its low toxicity and availability, natural products are considered to have great potential as chemopreventive drugs. However, the problem of poor oral bioavailability limits the biological effects of many natural products in vivo. This review summarizes the factors that affect several important classes of chemopreventive bioavailability of natural products such as resveratrol, curcumin, berberine, genistein, quercetin, allium, ginsenosides K Wait. Recent data show that although chemical and microbiological stability also play a role, cell membrane permeability, solubility and metabolism are the main factors that limit the oral bioavailability of natural products. An important direction for future research is to further optimize the oral bioavailability of natural products and to achieve their chemical preventive and therapeutic effects in vivo.