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目的探讨家猪心脏心肌桥的形态学结构特点,为心脏基础研究及临床诊断提供形态学资料。方法猪心40例,乙酸乙酯塑化染料灌注左、右冠状动脉及其分支,1.75 mol.L-1甲醛溶液固定,大体解剖显示猪心冠状动脉及其分支,观测心肌桥的出现率。结果40例猪心中,22例(55.0%)出现冠状动脉心肌桥,多见于后室间支(27.5%)、前室间支(15.0%)、右室后支(12.5%)。心肌桥的长度、宽度、厚度分别为(9.42±3.08)mm、(3.94±1.82)mm、(0.75±0.32)mm。心肌桥近端、远端距前室间支起始部距离分别为(65.42±35.75)mm、(87.86±38.79)mm,心肌桥纤维走向与壁冠状动脉夹角为(107.87±2.84)°。结论猪冠状动脉心肌桥的发生部位及出现率与人相似,可作为心肌桥理想的实验动物模型。
Objective To investigate the morphological characteristics of myocardial bridge in pigs and to provide morphological data for the basic research and clinical diagnosis of heart. Methods 40 cases of pig heart, left and right coronary artery and its branches perfusion with ethyl acetate plasticized dye, 1.75 mol. L-1 formaldehyde solution was fixed, the pig’s coronary artery and its branches were generally dissected and the incidence of myocardial bridge was observed. Results Of the 40 pigs, 22 cases (55.0%) had myocardial bridge of the coronary artery, more common in the posterior interventricular branch (27.5%), anterior intervertebral branch (15.0%) and right ventricular posterior branch (12.5%). The length, width and thickness of myocardial bridge were (9.42 ± 3.08) mm, (3.94 ± 1.82) mm and (0.75 ± 0.32) mm, respectively. The distance between the proximal end and the distal end of the myocardial bridge from the anterior branch of the anterior chamber was (65.42 ± 35.75) mm and (87.86 ± 38.79) mm, respectively. The angle between the myocardial bridge and the coronary artery was (107.87 ± 2.84) °. Conclusion The occurrence and occurrence of myocardial bridge of pig coronary artery is similar to that of human and can be used as an ideal experimental animal model for myocardial bridge.