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目的了解和分析广西柳州市2010-2013年中小学生视力不良情况,为制定中小学生视力不良的防治措施提供科学参考。方法采用整群抽样方法,对2010-2013年柳州市14所中小学校在校学生进行视力检查监测并对学生视力不良数据进行统计分析。结果 2010-2013年学生视力不良检出率为76.67%,随年级的上升视力不良检出率呈上升趋势(2趋势=1 209.87,P<0.001);小学生视力不良构成比以轻度(39.99%)和中度(37.79%)视力不良为主,初中和高中生均以中度(分别为32.71%和26.19%)和重度(分别为56.19%和66.91%)视力不良为主,且2010-2013年份中小学生的重度视力不良检出率随学龄段的上升而逐渐增加(2趋势分别为1 496.78,2 035.68,2 085.87,1 218.22;均有P<0.001);每年女生视力不良检出率高于男生(均有P<0.001)。结论中小学生视力不良情况加重,并呈现低龄化现象,为有效预防学生视力不良的发生发展,卫生、教育部门及家长应加强培养学生良好的用眼习惯和意识,重视早期视力筛查。
Objective To understand and analyze the poor eyesight situation of primary and secondary school students in 2010-2013 in Liuzhou, Guangxi, and to provide scientific reference for the prevention and treatment of poor eyesight among primary and middle school students. Methods The cluster sampling method was used to monitor the visual acuity of 14 primary and secondary school students in Liuzhou City from 2010 to 2013 and to make statistical analysis on the students’ bad eyesight data. Results The prevalence of poor eyesight was 76.67% in 2010-2013. The prevalence of poor eyesight increased with age (2 trend = 1 209.87, P <0.001). The proportion of poor eyesight in primary school students was mild (39.99 %) And moderate (37.79%) were poor eyesight, while middle school students (32.71% and 26.19% respectively) and severe (56.19% and 66.91% respectively) were poor eyesight. The prevalence of severe vision impairment in primary and secondary school students in 2013 increased gradually with the rise of school age (2, respectively, 1 496.78, 2 035.68, 2 085.87, 1 218.22; all P <0.001) The rate was higher than boys (all P <0.001). Conclusions Primary and secondary school students have worse visual acuity and show the phenomenon of younger age. In order to effectively prevent the occurrence and development of students ’poor eyesight, health and education departments and parents should strengthen students’ good eye habits and consciousness and attach importance to early vision screening.