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以慈溪市为研究区,通过定点配对采样和典型区采样,选取有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾、电导率、pH值6个土壤理化特性指标,在广泛收集资料的基础上,分析了慈溪市1982—2012年30a间土壤质量时空演变特征,并探讨了影响土壤特性时空演变的主要因素。结果表明,慈溪市近30a来土壤质量呈逐渐下降的趋势,其中全氮、速效钾、pH值、有机质的单质量指数分别下降了1.03,0.46,0.33,0.18;速效磷和电导率的单质量指数分别上升0.50和0.42,土壤综合质量指数下降0.28,土壤全氮损失较为严重。空间上,从南到北土壤质量基本呈阶梯状依次下降,从南到北土壤综合质量指数分别为1.36,1.35,1.43,1.18。研究表明,种植模式、围垦时间和土壤管理是影响土壤特性变化的主要因素。
Taking Cixi City as the research area, six soil physical and chemical characteristics indexes of organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, conductivity and pH value were selected by fixed-point paired sampling and typical area sampling. Based on extensive data collection, The characteristics of spatial and temporal variation of soil quality in Cangxi during the period of 1982 to 2012 from 1982 to 2012 and the main factors affecting the spatial and temporal changes of soil characteristics were discussed. The results showed that the soil quality of Cixi showed a decreasing trend in the past 30 years. The contents of total nitrogen, available potassium, pH value and organic matter decreased by 1.03, 0.46, 0.33 and 0.18, respectively. The single mass of available phosphorus and conductivity The index increased 0.50 and 0.42 respectively, the comprehensive soil quality index decreased 0.28, the soil total nitrogen loss was more serious. Spatially, the quality of soil from south to north declined in a stepwise manner, and the comprehensive quality indices of soil from south to north were 1.36, 1.35, 1.43 and 1.18 respectively. The research shows that planting mode, reclamation time and soil management are the main factors that affect the change of soil characteristics.