乳腺肿块针吸细胞学检查,是诊断乳腺疾病简便、安全、可靠的方法,对确定乳腺肿块的性质有较高的实用价值.对治疗方法和手术种类的选择也有直接关系.为不断提高细胞学诊断的准确性,对我科5年来经组织学证实的156例(良性130例,恶性26例)乳腺肿块穿刺涂片诊断的体会,作如下报道.1 乳腺癌的细胞学诊断依据1.1 细胞的数量 涂片中细胞数量的增多,对阳性诊断有重要意义.本组26例乳腺癌中,有22例富于细胞,占84%;而良性肿块130例中,富于细胞者只有28例,占21.5%.在统计学上有极显著差别(P<0.005).1.2 细胞的排列方式 癌细胞的排列表现为疏松、分散,即便是癌细胞群,细胞排列亦较疏松.其边缘癌细胞常有“纷纷离家”现象.而良性肿块细胞排列结构较紧,常表现为“亲密无间”.1.3 细胞的异型性 这是诊断恶性肿瘤细胞最主要的依据.表现为核大及大小不一,细胞深染等.而良性细胞无此现象,细胞大小、染色较一致.2 细胞学诊断的符合率 Needle aspiration cytology for breast masses is a simple, safe, and reliable method for diagnosing breast diseases. It has a high practical value in determining the nature of breast masses. There is also a direct relationship between the choice of treatment methods and types of surgery. The accuracy of the diagnosis, the 156 cases of benign (benign 130, malignant 26) confirmed by our department in 5 years of puncture smear diagnosis of breast mass, made the following reports. 1 The cytological diagnosis of breast cancer based on 1.1 cells The increase in the number of cells in the smear is important for positive diagnosis. Of the 26 cases of breast cancer, 22 cases were rich in cells, accounting for 84%; of the 130 cases of benign mass, only 28 cases were rich in cells. Accounted for 21.5%. There was a statistically significant difference (P<0.005).1.2 Arrangement of cells The arrangement of cancer cells was loose and scattered. Even in cancer cells, the arrangement of cells was relatively loose. There is a phenomenon of “having to leave home.” The arrangement of benign masses of cells is tight, and often appears as “intimacy.” 1.3 Heterogeneity of cells This is the most important basis for diagnosing malignant cells. It is manifested by differences in nuclear size and size. Deep staining of cells. No such phenomenon in line with the rate of benign cells, cell size, more consistent staining of cytological diagnosis .2