论文部分内容阅读
目的了解大连市某危险废物处置设施扩建项目运行中存在的职业病危害因素及其危害程度,提出防护建议,以保护劳动者健康。方法采用职业卫生调查、职业病危害因素检测及接害人员体检等方法进行调查。结果该项目运行中存在的主要职业病危害因素包括铅、锌、铜、镍、镉、铬、砷、汞、硫酸、盐酸、氯、二氧化硫、一氧化碳、氮氧化合物、氟化合物、氰化合物、苯系混合溶剂、有机醇类、有机酮类、有机脂类、三氯乙烯、臭氧、二噁英、非甲烷总烃、氢氧化物等25种化学毒物,电焊烟尘、砂轮磨尘、活性炭粉尘、其他粉尘等4种粉尘,以及噪声、高温、局部振动、紫外辐射、工频电场等5种物理因素。检测结果三种毒物超标、1个作业点粉尘浓度超标、1个作业点噪声强度超标、局部振动检测结果超标,工频电场、紫外辐射检测结果均合格。主要接触苯系物10名人员中,有5人体检发现白细胞偏低。结论该项目职业病危害因素种类繁多,职业病危害关键控制点是毒物岗位。该企业的职业病危害控制措施基本可行,除改进工艺外,应加强个人防护和严格制度化管理。
Objective To understand the occupational hazards and hazards in the operation of a hazardous waste treatment facility expansion project in Dalian and to put forward the suggestions for protection in order to protect the health of laborers. Methods The survey was conducted by occupational health survey, occupational disease hazard test and physical examination of casualties. Results The main occupational hazards in the operation of the project include lead, zinc, copper, nickel, cadmium, chromium, arsenic, mercury, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, chlorine, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, fluorine compounds, cyanide compounds, 25 kinds of chemical poisons such as mixed solvents, organic alcohols, organic ketones, organic lipids, trichlorethylene, ozone, dioxins, non-methane total hydrocarbons and hydroxides, welding fumes, wheel dust, activated carbon dust and others Dust and other 4 kinds of dust, as well as noise, high temperature, local vibration, UV radiation, power frequency electric field and other 5 kinds of physical factors. The results showed that the three kinds of toxins exceeded the standard, the dust concentration in one operation point was exceeded, the noise intensity in one operation point exceeded the standard, the local vibration test result exceeded the standard, and the power frequency electric field and ultraviolet radiation test result were all qualified. Among the 10 main workers exposed to benzene series, 5 people found that the white blood cells were low on physical examination. Conclusion The project has a wide range of occupational hazards and the key control point of occupational hazards is poison. The enterprise occupational hazards control measures are basically feasible, in addition to improving the process, should strengthen personal protection and strict institutional management.