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目的探讨广东省数字化X射线诊断成年患者辐射剂量水平。方法采用分层抽样方法,选取广东省2个地级市20家不同级别医院的1832例典型成年患者为研究对象,检测X射线摄影(DR)、计算机断层扫描(CT)或乳腺X射线摄影(乳腺-DR)常见投照部位的辐射剂量,分析其辐射剂量水平及分布。结果 DR 8个投照部位入射体表剂量(ESD)中位数依次为腰椎侧位4.55 mGy、腰椎前后位2.44 mGy、骨盆前后位2.36 mGy、胸椎前后位2.26 mGy、胸椎侧位1.53 mGy、腹部前后位1.51 mGy、胸部侧位0.45 mGy和胸部后前位0.14 mGy;CT轴扫描4个投照部位加权CT剂量指数(CTDIW)中位数依次为头颅46.71 mGy、腹部25.37 mGy、胸部21.71 mGy、腰椎19.78 mGy,CT螺旋扫描3个投照部位CTDIW中位数依次为腰椎15.63 mGy、腹部10.10 mGy、胸部8.15 mGy;乳腺-DR 2个投照部位平均腺体剂量(AGD)中位数分别为头尾位1.35 mGy,侧斜位0.99 mGy。结论广东地区患者DR的辐射剂量总体低于我国医疗照射指导水平、胸部CT及CT螺旋扫描尚无医疗照射指导水平,有必要制定适用于我省患者的医疗照射指导水平。
Objective To investigate the radiation dose level of adult patients diagnosed by digital X-ray in Guangdong Province. Methods Totally 1832 typical adult patients from 20 hospitals in two prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province were selected as the study subjects by means of stratified sampling method. X-ray photography (DR), computed tomography (CT) or mammography Breast-DR) radiation dose of common irradiation site, analysis of radiation dose levels and distribution. Results The median body surface dose (ESD) of DR 8 were 4.55 mGy, 2.44 mGy anterior and posterior lumbar, 2.36 mGy anterior and posterior pelvis, 2.26 mGy anterior thoracic and 1.53 mGy lateral thoracic, 1.51 mGy anterior and posterior position, 0.45 mGy lateral and 0.14 mGy anterior posterior. CT-weighted CT dose index (CTDIW) median of the four CT CT scan sites was 46.71 mGy, 25.37 mGy in the abdomen and 21.71 mGy in the chest, The median CTDIW of the three projection sites of lumbar spine at 19.78 mGy and CT spiral scans was 15.63 mGy in the lumbar spine, 10.10 mGy in the abdomen and 8.15 mGy in the chest, respectively. Median glandular dose (AGD) Head and tail position 1.35 mGy, side oblique position 0.99 mGy. Conclusion The radiation dose of DR in Guangdong patients is generally lower than the level of medical radiation guidance in our country. There is no medical radiation guidance level for CT and CT in chest CT. It is necessary to make the medical radiation guidance level suitable for our patients.