抗日战争时期,由于日本的侵略和封锁,中国的对外贸易受到极大的限制,而处于激烈抗战中的中国又不能没有外来援助和对外贸易。在这种特殊的历史条件下,当时的中国政府与近邻苏联建立了形式和内容都较特殊的贸易关系。这种贸易关系对当时中国的抗日战争和以后中苏贸易的发展都产生了重要影响。抗日战争全面爆发以后,国民党军队节节败退,中国沿海城市和省份一个接一个地沦入敌手。到1938年10月广州沦陷以后,中国对外直接的海上贸易通道被全部切断。当时国统区的对外贸易通道。只剩下西南的滇越铁路(1940年6月法越当局对华禁运,此路亦断)、滇缅公路和西北通向苏联的西北公路。严峻的形势迫使国民党政府极力寻求外来援助,并最大限度地利用仅有的几条对外贸易通道。然而,一向被国民党政府视为靠 During the War of Resistance Against Japan, China’s foreign trade was greatly restricted due to Japan’s aggression and blockade. China, which is under intense war, can not afford foreign assistance and foreign trade. Under such special historical conditions, the then Chinese government and its immediate neighbor, the Soviet Union, established trade relations with special forms and contents. This trade relationship had an important influence on the anti-Japanese war in China and the subsequent development of Sino-Soviet trade. After the Anti-Japanese War broke out in an all-round way, the Kuomintang troops retreated steadily and China’s coastal cities and provinces went one after another into rivalries. After the fall of Guangzhou in October 1938, all direct foreign trade channels for China were completely cut off. At that time, the KMT-Guomindang’s foreign trade channel. Only the southwestern Yunnan-Vietnam Railway (the French and Vietnamese authorities’ embargo against China in June 1940 was broken), the Burma-Burma Road and the northwest-northwest road leading to the Soviet Union. The grim situation forced the Kuomintang government to seek extraneous aid and to make the most of several channels of foreign trade. However, the KMT government has always been regarded as rely on