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目的针对2011年石家庄地区手足口病实验室检测结果进行分析,为科学、有效地防治手足口病提供依据。方法采用Real time RT-PCR方法,对2011年石家庄23个县(市)区的手足口临床诊断病例咽拭子、粪便、疱疹液等标本进行肠道病毒71型(EV71)、柯萨奇病毒A16型(CoxA16)、非EV71和CoxA16的其他肠道病毒(EV)检测,并对其在不同人群及县(市)区中的分布情况进行统计分析。结果 738例手足口病临床诊断病例标本中,检测出肠道病毒523份,阳性检出率70.87%,其中EV71、CoxA16、EV检出率分别为40.51%,18.70%,11.65%。重症病例肠道病毒阳性检出率82.05%,病原均为EV71。山区县与非山区县的肠道病毒阳性检出率差异有统计学意义。手足口病例在5-7月达高峰,病例中男性高于女性(1.89:1),以5岁以下儿童为主,占98.09%,其中1～2岁儿童是病例数和重症病例数最多的年龄段。结论 EV71是引起2011年石家庄地区手足口病流行和重症病例的主要病原。5岁以下儿童为主要发病群体,1～2岁儿童需重点防控。
Objective To analyze the laboratory test results of hand, foot and mouth disease in Shijiazhuang in 2011, and provide the basis for the scientific and effective prevention and treatment of HFMD. Methods The real-time RT-PCR method was used to detect EV71, Coxsackie virus (EV71) in throat swabs, feces and herpes fluid of hand, foot and mouth in 23 districts of Shijiazhuang in 2011, A16 (CoxA16), non-EV71 and CoxA16 other enterovirus (EV) detection, and its distribution in different populations and counties (cities) district statistical analysis. Results Among 738 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease, 523 cases of enterovirus were detected, the positive rate was 70.87%. The detection rates of EV71, CoxA16 and EV were 40.51%, 18.70% and 11.65% respectively. Severe cases of enterovirus positive detection rate of 82.05%, the pathogen is EV71. The positive rate of enterovirus in mountainous counties and non-mountainous counties was significantly different. Hand-foot-mouth cases peaked in May-July, with a higher prevalence of males than females (1.89: 1), accounting for 98.09% of all children under 5 years of age, of whom 1 to 2 years old had the highest number of cases and severe cases generation. Conclusion EV71 is the main cause of epidemic and severe cases of HFMD in Shijiazhuang in 2011. Children under 5 years of age as the main disease groups, 1 to 2-year-old children need to focus on prevention and control.