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改革开放30年来,我国在社会保障制度的建设方面作了很多有益的探索,也取得了一些成绩,但存在的问题依然十分突出,主要表现为社会保障制度的覆盖面过小,实施范围过窄;社会化程度低,利益不平等,保障功能差;资金筹措方式不合理,导致资金来源匮乏;立法不完善,没有形成完整体系;政府职能不清、责任不明,管理体制分散;社会保障制度建设缺乏长远规划。在社会保障体制完善的过程中,单纯依靠市场机制本身的作用是不够的,因为市场调节机制有它自身无法克服的一些缺陷。政府基于其自身的特点理应成为完善我国社会保障体制的主体,其作用的发挥主要体现在制定长远规划、完善社保立法、加大社保基金征缴力度和加强执法监督等方面。
In the 30 years since the reform and opening up, China has made many useful explorations in the construction of the social security system and made some achievements. However, the problems still remain outstanding. The main problems are that the coverage of the social security system is too small and its scope of implementation too narrow; Low level of socialization, inequality of interests, poor safeguarding function; unreasonable fund raising method, resulting in lack of capital sources; imperfect legislation and no complete system; unclear government functions, unclear responsibilities and decentralized management system; lack of social security system long-term plan. In the process of improving the social security system, it is not enough to rely solely on the market mechanism itself, because the market regulation mechanism has some shortcomings that can not be overcome by itself. Based on its own characteristics, the government should become the main body of perfecting the social security system in our country. Its role is mainly manifested in making long-term planning, improving the social security legislation, increasing the collection of social security funds and strengthening the supervision of law enforcement.