Atrial arrhythmia is common in clinic. Recently, it was revealed that ectopic impulses originating in sleeve muscles around the orifices of pulmonary veins (PVs) were deemed to be one of the most important reasons that trigger or drive atrial arrhythmia, which was called myocardial sleeve related arrhythmia. Electrical isolation by radiofrequency ablation is becoming highlight and proved to be an effective method for the arrhythmia. We report a 55-year-old man with paroxysmal atrial tachy-arrhythmias admitted for PV electrical isolation. An abscess was discovered in right inferior lung before the operation. The arrhythmia was disappeared after resection of the abscess. It implies that for such sufferer and recidivist after ablation, the factors outside the pulmonary veins should be excluded or treated as far as possible, especially before radiofrequency ablation therapy.