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哺乳动物睾丸的形成和精子发生是一个复杂的过程,包括细胞的迁移、增殖、分化和细胞间的相互作用。尽管近年来对此进行了大量的研究,但对许多方面仍然是未知。缺少一个合适的研究睾丸形成与精子发生的模型是阻碍研究取得进展的一个重要原因。在过去的几年中,相继发现2种对研究哺乳动物精子发生很有价值的模型:一是未成熟的睾丸组织异位移植于免疫缺陷鼠的皮下可以成活并产生有功能的精子;另一是未成熟睾丸组织消化成单细胞后异位移植于免疫缺陷鼠的皮下可以重新形成生精小管样结构并完成完整的生精过程。本文对这两种方法的研究进展、应用及前景进行了综述。
Mammalian testis formation and spermatogenesis are complex processes that involve cell migration, proliferation, differentiation, and cell-cell interactions. Although much research has been done on this in recent years, it remains unknown to many aspects. The absence of a suitable model for the study of testis formation and spermatogenesis is an important reason for hindering the progress of the study. In the past few years, two kinds of models have been found one after another for the study of spermatogenesis in mammals: one is that immature testes can be transplanted subcutaneously in the skin of immunodeficient mice to produce functional sperm; Is immature testis tissue digested into single cells after heterotopic transplantation in immunodeficient mice subcutaneous can re-form seminiferous tubule-like structure and complete the process of spermatogenesis. This article reviews the progress, application and prospect of these two methods.