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作者于1966半报告了氟硅酸对小麦条锈病具有良好药效,氰硅酸是磷肥厂副产,资源丰富、成本低廉。1971年又用氟硅酸与尿素制成便于运输和贮存的晶态的氟硅脲,其分子式为[(NH_2)_2CO]_4·H_2SiF_6。十多年来经过15个省市的田间试验,肯定了氟硅酸和氟硅脲对小麦三种锈病均有效。在山东烟台地区和四川内江地区的大面积推广试用均取得良好效果。防治有效浓度按H_2SiF_6计为0.05～0.10%,药液中须加入湿润剂。除扬花期不可喷药外,其它生育期均可喷药。对小麦的增产效果显著。小麦种子中未发现氟的反常残留。经卫生部门测定,十个样本中有6个氟残留量为0.71～1.98ppm,有1个样本中为3.47ppm,系过量喷药所致。其余3个样本中未检出氟。本文讨论了使用无机氟剂的环境保护问题。根据地球化学和环境化学的最近研究成果,在本文所建议采取的使用浓度下,用氟硅酸防治小麦锈病并无引起环境污染之虞。
The authors reported in 1966 that fluosilicate has good efficacy against wheat stripe rust. Cyanosilicate is a byproduct of phosphate fertilizer plants, which is rich in resources and low in cost. In 1971, fluorosilicic acid and urea were used to make the crystalline fluoro-urea-urea which is easy to transport and store. Its molecular formula is [(NH_2) _2CO] _4 · H_2SiF_6. More than ten years after 15 provinces and cities in the field test, confirmed that fluosilicate and fluosilure are three rusts of wheat are effective. In Yantai, Shandong and Neijiang areas in Sichuan large-scale trial have achieved good results. Control effective concentration of H_2SiF_6 calculated as 0.05 to 0.10%, the liquid must be added humectants. In addition to flowering period can not spray, the other growth period can be sprayed. The yield increase of wheat is remarkable. No abnormal residues of fluorine were found in wheat seeds. Determined by the health sector, six of the ten samples contained 0.71 to 1.98 ppm fluoride, and 3.47 ppm in one sample, resulting from excessive spraying. The remaining three samples were not detected in the fluorine. This article discusses the issue of environmental protection using inorganic fluorine agents. According to the recent research results of geochemistry and environmental chemistry, the use of fluorosilicic acid to control wheat rust has no risk of causing environmental pollution at the concentrations recommended in this paper.