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以桑树(Morus alba)/苜蓿(Medicago sativa)间作系统为研究对象,探讨间作种植模式对根际土壤酶活性及土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响。结果表明:间作苜蓿的蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性分别比单作苜蓿提高了30.0%和21.4%,达显著差异水平;而间作桑树则相反,分别比单作桑树降低了23.8%和2.6%,达显著差异水平;间作桑树和间作苜蓿的根际土壤酸性磷酸酶活性分别比单作提高了23.0%和28.9%,而脲酶活性则分别降低了52.4%和44.3%,二者差异显著。在桑树/苜蓿间作体系下,间作桑树的表征土壤微生物代谢活性强弱平均颜色变化率、多样性指数、均匀度指数和优势度指数均显著高于单作桑树,而间作苜蓿均低于单作苜蓿,达显著差异水平。主成分分析表明,间作种植模式改变了作物根际土壤微生物群落的主要碳源类型,使苜蓿的主要碳源变为氨基酸、聚合物和其他化合物,与单作之间具有显著差异。表明桑树/苜蓿间作提高了桑树根际土壤微生物群落的多样性,改变了苜蓿根际土壤微生物群落利用主要碳源的类型。
The intercropping system of Morus alba and Medicago sativa was used to investigate the effects of intercropping patterns on soil enzyme activities and functional diversity of soil microbial communities. The results showed that the activities of sucrase and catalase of intercropping alfalfa increased by 30.0% and 21.4%, respectively, compared with single alfalfa, while the intercropping mulberry trees decreased by 23.8% and 2.6% , Respectively. The rhizosphere soil acid phosphatase activity in intercropping mulberry and intercropping alfalfa increased by 23.0% and 28.9% compared with that in monoculture, while the urease activity decreased by 52.4% and 44.3% respectively, with significant difference between them. Under the mulberry / alfalfa intercropping system, the intercropping mulberry characterization showed that the average color change rate, diversity index, evenness index and dominance index of soil microbial metabolic activity were significantly higher than those of monoculture mulberry, while the intercropping alfalfa was lower than single Alfalfa, reached a significant level of difference. The principal component analysis showed that intercropping mode changed the main carbon source types of rhizosphere soil microbial community, and changed the main carbon sources of alfalfa into amino acids, polymers and other compounds, which was significantly different from monoculture. The results showed that the mulberry / alfalfa intercropping increased the diversity of mulberry rhizosphere soil microbial community and changed the utilization of main carbon sources in the rhizosphere soil microbial community of alfalfa.