自20世纪以来,结构主义思想对结构主义文论、结构主义文论、西方马克思主义文论和后现代主义思想的产生、发展都起到了不可忽视的作用。通过分析结构主义的理论基础、总结结构主义对西方文艺理论的影响,本文将详细归纳出结构主义的理论特点,并分析结构主义文艺理论对当代中国的文学批评的积极作用。 Since the 20th century, the thought of structuralism has played an important role in the emergence and development of structuralist literary theory, structuralist literary theory, Western Marxist literary theory and postmodernism. By analyzing the theoretical basis of structuralism and summarizing the influence of structuralism on western literary theory, this article will summarize the theoretical characteristics of structuralism in detail and analyze the positive effect of structuralist literary theory on contemporary Chinese literary criticism.