本文提供了牛头山拉斑玄武岩和碱性玄武岩及其包体的结构、矿物组合和化学成分广泛研究的初步结果。牛头山两个系列玄武岩的成分和演化,以及包体的类型,是新生代时期我国东南沿海玄武岩岩区的典范。同时,在拉斑玄武岩中首次发现了稀罕的富铁、铝的岩石变种—鳞英铁尖晶岩包体,它由铁尖晶石(54.2)％、鳞石英和流纹质玻璃组成。 This article provides preliminary results of extensive studies on the structure, mineral assemblage and chemical composition of the Niutoushan tholeiitic basalts and alkaline basalts and their inclusions. The composition and evolution of the two series of basalts in Niutoushan, as well as the type of inclusions, are typical examples of basalts along the southeastern coast of China in the Cenozoic. At the same time, for the first time in the tholeiite basalts, a rare iron- and aluminum-bearing rock variant, the scale-iron spinel inclusions, is found. It consists of iron spinel (54.2%), tridymite and rhyolite glass.