本文依据徽州文书中遗存的档案资料,对明末清初一户庶民地主的经济状况,诸如人口情况、土地所有、土地买卖等,作了微观考察;着重分析了其人户构成情况和经济结构。并以此为典型,进而剖析了中国封建社会地主自身经济存在的具体形态,其大致可分为累世同居共业、析产而未分户、析产随即分户三种类型。对析产而未分户这一类型作了重点考察,指出其经济结构是,在诸子均分制的原则下,形成了经济上各自独立的子户;在此基础之上,同时存在多层次、多分支的宗族所有制。本文还阐述了析产分户的经济根源与普遍性。 This article makes a micro-investigation on the economic conditions of a common people landowner, such as population, land ownership and land sales in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty, based on the archives and files left over from the Huizhou documents. It focuses on analyzing the composition of their households and their economic structure . And as a typical, and then analyzed the Chinese feudal society, the landlord of their own economy, the specific shape, which can be divided into years of cohabitation, analysis of property without the household, property analysis then household three types. The article analyzes the type of non-segregated households and points out that their economic structure is that they form economically independent sub-households under the principle of sub-division of children. On the basis of this, there are also multiple levels , Multi-branched clan ownership. This article also elaborates on the economic roots and universality of household division.