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为了解大型土壤动物对不同水土治理措施的响应,于2008年5～9月,采用手拣法采集大型土壤动物,以内蒙古皇甫川流域人工松树林、人工杨树林、人工锦鸡儿灌木林、人工沙打旺草地、撂荒地和农田6种不同土地利用方式为采样地,分析了大型土壤动物群落的组成、多样性和季节动态特征。共捕获大型土壤动物1 653只,隶属于1门3纲8目34科,优势类群为鳃金龟科幼虫和蚁科成虫。不同水土治理措施下,大型土壤动物群落个体数、类群数和生物量较农田明显增加,人工杨树林增加最显著。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H’)和Pielou均匀度指数(J)反映的大型土壤动物群落的类群配置状况,在不同水土治理样地不如农田,但群落复杂性指数(Cj)则高于农田。不同土壤动物类群对水土治理措施有不同响应特征,由于个别动物类群个体数的显著增加,不同水土治理措施有导致大型土壤动物群落结构简单化趋势。研究地区采用的各种水土治理措施对大型土壤动物群落的恢复和保护都是有益的,但适时监测和预报害虫发生以及在制定综合治理措施时考虑种植植物的多样性很有必要。
To understand the response of macrofauna to different soil and water management measures, from May to September in 2008, large-scale soil animals were collected by hand picking method. The artificial pine forests, artificial poplar forests, artificial Caragana shrubs, artificial sand The land use patterns of six kinds of land, including wasteland, wasteland and farmland, were sampled and the composition, diversity and seasonal dynamics of the soil macrofauna community were analyzed. A total of 1 653 soil macro-animals were captured, belonging to 1 class, 3 classes, 8 orders and 34 families. The dominant groups were the larvae of the genus Gillidae and the adults of the family Termite. Under different measures of soil and water conservation, the number of individuals, taxa and biomass of large soil fauna increased significantly compared with that of farmland, and the increase of artificial poplar forest was the most significant. Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H ’) and Pielou evenness index (J) reflected the taxonomic distribution of macro-fauna communities in different soil and water conservation areas, but the community complexity index (Cj) was higher than that of farmland . Different soil fauna have different response characteristics to soil and water conservation measures. Due to the significant increase in the individual number of individual fauna, different soil and water management measures have led to the simplification of the structure of large soil fauna. Various soil and water management measures adopted in the study area are beneficial to the restoration and conservation of large soil animal communities. However, it is necessary to monitor and forecast pest occurrences in time and to consider the diversity of plant species when formulating integrated management measures.