目的:探讨早产发生的危险因素及其对母儿的影响。方法:将焦作市妇幼保健院2012年1~7月住院诊断为早产的198例患者作为研究对象设为观察组,选取同期住院的198例足月分娩产妇为对照组,对比研究早产发生的相关因素及对母儿的影响。同时按照孕周将观察组分为A(孕周为28~33+6周)、B(孕周为34~36+6周)两组,回顾性分析其临床资料,并分析不同孕周早产儿的结局。结果:胎膜早破、妊娠期高血压疾病、双胎妊娠是早产发生的首位因素,不同孕周其围产儿病死率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),且B组的围产儿与A组的围产儿相比较体重、新生儿窒息率及死亡率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:早产患者大多存在有高危因素,对高危孕产妇应加强监测与管理,进行孕期卫生指导,适当用药,预防胎膜早破,减少早产的发生。 Objective: To explore the risk factors of preterm birth and its impact on mother and child. Methods: A total of 198 cases of preterm labor diagnosed as admissions in Jiaozuo MCH hospital from January to July in 2012 were selected as the observation group. 198 cases of full-term maternity hospitalized in the same period were selected as the control group, and the incidence of preterm labor was compared Factors and the impact on the mother and child. At the same time, according to gestational age, the observation group was divided into two groups: A (gestational weeks 28 ~ 33 + 6 weeks) and B (gestational weeks 34 ~ 36 + 6 weeks). The clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. Children’s ending. Results: The premature rupture of membranes, hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and twin pregnancy were the first factors of preterm delivery. The differences in perinatal mortality between different gestational weeks were statistically significant (P <0.01) Group perinatal weight, neonatal asphyxia and mortality differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion: Most of the preterm birth patients have the risk factors. The monitoring and management should be strengthened for the pregnant women with high risk. The health guidance should be given during the pregnancy and appropriate medication should be taken to prevent the premature rupture of the premature rupture of the membranes and reduce the occurrence of premature labor.