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目的制定潮汕地区的半定量食物频率调查表,为饮食与疾病之间的医学研究提供工具。方法以潮州、汕头(包括南澳县)城乡地区为中心随机抽取若干家庭,并以家庭为单位,以3 d食物称重记录法进行膳食调查,建立潮汕地区城乡家庭膳食资料数据库;在以各种食物提供的营养素量为基础进行食物种类筛选的基础上,再以逐步进入法进行多元回归分析对初选食物项目进行再次筛选,并确定食物的频度、食用量。结果共有417个家庭完成调查(城市200个,农村217个),其3 d消耗的食物种类512种,其中城市443种,农村417种。初次筛选出的食物种类数城市194种,农村183种,城乡合计233种;再次筛选结果为城市157种,农村160种,城乡合计196种;最后125种食物被包括在半定量食物频率调查表中,每种食物对应有7个层次的摄入频率和6个层次的食用量。半定量食物频率调查表中的食物项目提供的营养素覆盖率平均超过90%。结论以417个城乡家庭膳食资料为基础建立潮汕地区食物“金标准”数据库并以该数据库资料为依据,按照系统方法和步骤制定潮汕地区食物半定量食物频率调查表是切实可行的。
Objective To develop a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire in the Chaoshan region to provide a tool for medical research on diet and disease. Methods A number of families were randomly selected from urban and rural areas in Chaozhou and Shantou (including Nan’ao County). Based on the 3-day food weighed-record method, a number of families were randomly selected to investigate the dietary data of urban and rural households in Chaoshan region. On the basis of the screening of food types based on the nutrients provided by food, multiple regression analysis was conducted by stepwise entry method to screen the primary food items again and determine the frequency and consumption of food. Results A total of 417 families completed the survey (200 in urban areas and 217 in rural areas), consuming 512 kinds of food for 3 days, of which 443 were in urban areas and 417 in rural areas. The number of food species screened for the first time was 194 in urban areas, 183 in rural areas and 233 in urban and rural areas. The second screening result was 157 in urban areas, 160 in rural areas and 196 in urban and rural areas. The last 125 foods were included in the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire , Each food corresponds to seven levels of intake and six levels of consumption. The food items in the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire provide an average of over 90% nutrient coverage. Conclusion Based on the data of 417 urban and rural families, the “golden standard” database of food in Chaoshan region was established and based on the database, it is feasible to formulate a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire for food in Chaoshan region according to systematic methods and procedures.