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通过低钾土壤钾素耗竭实验、盆栽土培实验系统地对12个不同基因型玉米进行了吸钾特性研究。幼苗耗竭实验结果表明:农大86吸钾能力最强,钾积累量最大;甜玉米吸钾能力弱,钾积累量少;吸钾能力强的基因型吸收矿物钾的比例也大。土培试验结果表明:在低钾土壤条件下,农大86吸钾能力强,甜玉米和聊玉18钾素利用效率高;在高钾条件下,登海9号增产率大,钾肥利用率高。钠对钾替代作用的研究表明,不同基因型玉米钾效率虽然不同,但对钠的吸收差异不显著。不同基因型玉米无论高钾还是低钾条件,对钠的吸收没有明显的差异,钾高效、耐低钾基因型玉米不存在钠、钾替代现象。
Potassium depletion experiments were carried out in potash soil to study the characteristics of potassium uptake in 12 different genotypes of maize. Seedling depletion experiments showed that: Nongda 86 had the highest potassium absorption capacity and the highest potassium accumulation; sweet corn had a weak potassium absorption capacity and less potassium accumulation; and the genotype with higher potassium absorption capacity also absorbed a large proportion of mineral potassium. The results of soil culture showed that under the conditions of low potassium soil, Nongda 86 had a strong ability of absorbing potassium and high utilization rate of K with sweet corn and Liaoyu 18. Under the condition of high potassium, the yield of Denghai 9 was large and the rate of potassium utilization was high . Studies on the effect of sodium on potassium replacement showed that although the efficiency of potassium in different genotypes of maize was different, the difference in sodium absorption was insignificant. There was no significant difference in sodium absorption between different genotypes of maize under either high potassium or low potassium conditions. There was no sodium or potassium substitution in high potassium and low potassium tolerance genotype maize.