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以滇中引水工程穿越大量红层软岩段为工程背景,基于现场调查和室内试验,研究了红层软岩的工程地质特性及力学性质。首先通过观察红层软岩的物质组成、结构构造、时空分布变化及风化特征,分析了其工程地质特性;然后采用扫描电子显微镜观测了红层软岩的微观结构特征,并从崩解、膨胀、软化三个方面研究了红层软岩的水理特性,结果显示红层软岩中矿物粒间空隙大多被粘土矿物填充,粘土矿物多数为混层结构,结晶程度相对较差,红层软岩经过自由浸水48h后,各地层软化系数均在0.4~0.7之间,遇水软化效应明显;最后采用MTS793岩石力学试验系统研究了红层软岩的力学性质,发现红层软岩三轴压缩破坏形态以压裂片状剥落和剪破坏为主,其应力-应变全过程曲线均属于稳定破裂传播型。
Based on the engineering investigation and laboratory tests, the engineering geological characteristics and mechanical properties of the red bed soft rock are studied with the engineering project of the Middle Yunnan Diversion Project crossing a large number of red beds. Firstly, the engineering geological characteristics of red rock soft rock were analyzed by observing the material composition, structure, temporal and spatial distribution and weathering characteristics of red rock soft rock. The microstructure characteristics of red rock soft rock were observed by scanning electron microscopy. , Softening three aspects of red water soft rock hydraulic properties, the results show that most of the red sandstone mineral interstices are filled with clay minerals, clay minerals mostly mixed structure, the degree of crystallization is relatively poor, red layer soft After 48h free rock immersion, the softening coefficient of each layer was between 0.4 and 0.7, and the water softening effect was obvious. Finally, the mechanical properties of soft rock in red beds were studied by MTS793 rock mechanics test system, and the triaxial compression The failure modes are mainly flaking and shear failure, and the stress-strain curve belongs to the stable fracture propagation model.