一切以乌托邦观念作为运动纲领,主张通过激进方式一次性彻底实现一个完美新世界的运动,都可称之为乌托邦运动。自由主义者基于乌托邦运动给现实世界带来的消极后果,对乌托邦运动进行了较为系统的批判。然而,乌托邦观念本身也有其合理性及对人类生活的积极作用,因而有必要辩证地对待乌托邦观念及乌托邦运动。 Anything that takes the concept of utopia as its program of action and advocates a radical new way to achieve a perfect new world can be called a utopian movement. Based on the negative consequences that the utopian movement brought to the real world, the liberalists systematically criticized the utopian movement. However, the concept of utopia itself also has its rationality and positive effect on human life, so it is necessary to dialectically treat utopian notion and utopian movement.