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乌东德水电站右岸地下厂房洞室群布置复杂,中低应力条件下,“陡倾、小夹角”等不利岩层产状导致结构面控制型破坏现象突出。结合地质、现场勘查、常规监测、微震监测及数值模拟资料,全面总结和分析右岸厂房下游拱座岩体破坏模式及形成机制。首先,基于现场勘查及常规监测资料,归纳和总结围岩破坏的基本特征与规律,包括其破坏形式、空间位置、破坏规模、破坏发展特征等主要信息;其次,总结岩体破坏孕育、发展过程中微震活动强度的时间演化规律,分析得到基于微震活动特征的层状岩体破坏前兆;最后,采用“微震监测”为主“数值模拟”为辅的综合分析手段,揭示下游拱座岩体发生弯曲倾倒的破坏本质及其形成机制,探讨岩体结构对拱座围岩破坏的力学影响机制。该研究可为陡倾层状岩体中大型地下洞室优化开挖方案和支护措施提供依据,也可为同类大型地下洞室相似围岩破坏的防控提供参考。
The caverns of underground powerhouse on the right bank of Wudongde Hydropower Station are complexly arranged. Under the conditions of low and medium stress, the destructive rock formation such as “steep dip and small angle” leads to the destruction of the control surface of the structural surface. Combined with geology, site survey, routine monitoring, microseismic monitoring and numerical simulation data, the failure mode and formation mechanism of rock mass abutments downstream of the right bank building are comprehensively summarized and analyzed. First of all, based on the field survey and routine monitoring data, the basic characteristics and laws of surrounding rock failure are summarized and summarized, including the main information such as the form of damage, the location of space, the scale of damage and the characteristics of damage development. Secondly, The time evolution law of the microseismic activity intensity in the middle of the microseismic activity is analyzed and the precursor of the layered rock mass destruction based on the microseismic activity characteristics is analyzed. Finally, a comprehensive analysis method supplemented by “microseismic monitoring” and “numerical simulation” The nature and formation mechanism of the bending and pouring of the rock mass subjected to bending and pouring are discussed. The mechanism of mechanical influence of the rock mass structure on the surrounding rock failure of the abutment is discussed. The study can provide basis for optimizing excavation scheme and support measures for large underground caverns in steeply layered rock masses and also provide reference for prevention and control of similar surrounding rock failure in similar large underground caverns.