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目的应用高频超声对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(OSAS)患者颈动脉结构和顺应性变化进行研究,为OSAS的临床治疗效果提供依据。方法 40例OSAS患者(A组),均为男性,年龄21~55岁,平均年龄40.80岁;体质量指数(BMI)为(27.23±3.35)kg/m2。40例健康志愿者(B组),均无OSAS,均为男性,年龄22～57岁,平均年龄42.21岁;BMI为(25.71±2.31)kg/m2。用高频超声对A组患者和B组志愿者颈动脉进行二维超声检查,测量颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)、收缩期内径(Ds)、舒张期内径(Dd),并测量肱动脉收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)和脉压(PP),计算颈动脉紧张度(AS)、扩张性(AD)和僵硬度(ASt),评价颈动脉顺应性。结果 A组IMT、SBP、DBP较B组增大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PP、Ds、Dd两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组颈动脉AS、AD较B组减小,ASt较对照组增大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高频超声能够反映颈动脉结构和功能变化,可为临床评价OSAS治疗效果提供颈动脉顺应性变化的监测数据,具有临床应用价值。
Objective To study the changes of carotid artery structure and compliance in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) by using high-frequency ultrasound, and provide the basis for the clinical therapeutic effect of OSAS. Methods Forty OSAS patients (group A) were male, aged from 21 to 55 years, with an average age of 40.80 years. The body mass index (BMI) was (27.23 ± 3.35) kg / m2.40 healthy volunteers (group B) , No OSAS, were male, aged 22 to 57 years, mean age 42.21 years; BMI was (25.71 ± 2.31) kg / m2. The carotid arteries of patients in group A and group B were examined by two-dimensional ultrasonography with high-frequency ultrasound to measure the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), systolic diameter (Ds) and diastolic diameter (Dd) Arterial systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and pulse pressure (PP) were calculated. Carotid artery tension (AS), distensibility (AD) and stiffness (ASt) were calculated to evaluate carotid artery compliance. Results The IMT, SBP and DBP in group A were significantly higher than those in group B (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between PP, Ds and Dd (P> 0.05) AD decreased compared with B group, ASt increased compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion High-frequency ultrasound can reflect the changes of carotid artery structure and function, and can provide the monitoring data of carotid artery compliance for clinical evaluation of OSAS treatment. It has clinical value.