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[目的]了解上海地区女性宫颈癌宫颈脱落细胞检查的覆盖情况,并分析其影响因素。[方法]采用随机入户调查的方法收集女性居民宫颈癌宫颈脱落细胞检查覆盖情况及其影响因素,采用单因素和多因素分析其影响的因素。[结果]上海地区女性人群一生中曾做过宫颈脱落细胞检查的占37.61%(中心城区女性为32.04%,非中心城区为42.01%)。其中,86.14%的人最近一次宫颈脱落细胞检查年限<3年;在最近3年中做过检查的人群中,73.50%是由于参加单位组织女工体检获得受检机会。<35岁年轻女性的检查覆盖率为21.97%;55～64岁组妇女最近一次检查距本调查(2007年)的平均时间为4.00年,明显长于<35岁组及35～54岁组。居住在非中心城区、在婚、年龄在35～54岁、农民、由单位组织女工体检者、对宫颈癌的癌前症状和女性需要定期检查的知识知晓者检查覆盖率高。3年内做过筛检的主要影响因素仅为年龄和女工体检的组织者。[结论]上海市女性宫颈涂片检查的覆盖率相对发于达国家较低;单位组织女工体检是女性接受宫颈涂片检查的主要途径;35岁以下女性宫颈涂片检查的覆盖率低;55～64岁者宫颈涂片筛查间隔时间长。
[Objective] To understand the coverage of cervical exfoliative cells in cervical cancer in Shanghai and analyze its influencing factors. [Methods] The randomized household survey method was used to collect the coverage of cervical exfoliative cells of cervical cancer in female residents and its influencing factors. The influencing factors were analyzed by single factor and multiple factors. [Results] The percentage of women with cervical exfoliative cells in their lifetime was 37.61% (32.04% in central urban area and 42.01% in non-central urban area). Among them, 86.14% had the most recent cervical exfoliative cell <3 years; 73.50% of the people examined in the last three years were given the chance of being interviewed by the participating women’s organizations. The coverage rate of young women aged 35 to 21 years old was 21.97%. The average length of the most recent examinations of women aged 55-64 in this survey (2007) was 4.00 years, significantly longer than those in the 35-year-old group and the 35- to 54-year-old group. Living in non-central urban areas, married, aged 35 to 54 years, farmers, women’s health examination by the unit, awareness of cervical precancerous conditions and women need regular inspections knowledge coverage of high inspection. The main influencing factors of screening in 3 years are only the organizers of the age and female workers physical examination. [Conclusion] The coverage rate of female cervical smears in Shanghai is relatively lower than that in the developed countries. The physical examination of female workers in organizational units is the main way for women to accept cervical smears. The coverage of cervical smears in women under 35 years of age is low. ~ 64-year-old cervical smear screening interval long.