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目的探讨甲醛湿敷法建立犬窦房结损伤模型的可行性和电生理特征变化。方法20只实验犬按随机数字表法随机分为湿敷后2h、4h、1周及4周组(n=5)。用20%甲醛湿敷窦房结区建立窦房结损伤模型。各组于湿敷前、湿敷后各自相对应时间点行电生理功能检测,同步记录体表心电图(electrocardiogram,ECG)。结果20只实验犬甲醛湿敷时间为3～12(6.2±2.6)min。5只犬甲醛湿敷后窦性心率(heart rate,HR)显著减慢[(140±11)、(89±6)次/min,P<0.01],无心律失常;4只犬除窦性心率明显减慢外出现窦性心律不齐、窦性停搏及频发房性早搏,但很快恢复为规整的窦性节律;11只犬予甲醛湿敷后P波消失,呈交界性逸搏心律,其中4只于湿敷后24h行ECG监测时转为窦性心律,但HR仍显著低于湿敷前。湿敷后2h、24h、1周及4周组的HR均较甲醛湿敷前显著减慢(P<0.01);各组湿敷后的窦房结恢复时间(sinus node recovery time,SNRT)及校正的窦房结恢复时间(corrected sinus node recovery time,CSNRT)则均较湿敷前显著延长(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论采用甲醛湿敷法可以成功建立犬窦房结损伤模型,其电生理改变与临床病态窦房结综合征表现相似。
Objective To investigate the feasibility and the changes of electrophysiological characteristics of formalin-dampness method in establishing a sinus node damage model in dogs. Methods Twenty experimental dogs were randomly divided into 2h, 4h, 1 and 4 weeks after wet deposition (n = 5) according to the random number table method. Apply 20% formaldehyde wet dressing sinus node area to establish the model of sinus node injury. Each group before the wet compress, wet compress their corresponding time point electrophysiological function test, simultaneous recording of surface electrocardiogram (electrocardiogram, ECG). Results For 20 dogs, formaldehyde wet-out time was 3 ~ 12 (6.2 ± 2.6) min. The sinusoidal heart rate (HR) of five dogs was significantly decreased after wet deposition of formaldehyde [(140 ± 11), (89 ± 6) times / min, P <0.01] and no arrhythmia. Heart rate slowed down significantly outside sinus arrhythmia, sinus arrest and frequent atrial premature beats, but soon returned to the regular sinus rhythm; 11 dogs to formaldehyde wet compress P wave disappeared, was a borderline Plaza Heart beat rhythm, of which 4 were 24h after wet deposition ECG monitoring into sinus rhythm, but HR was still significantly lower than before wet dressing. The HR of 2h, 24h, 1h and 4w after wet compressing was significantly lower than that before formaldehyde wetting (P <0.01). The sinus node recovery time (SNRT) Corrected sinus node recovery time (CSNRT) were significantly longer than before wet dressing (P <0.01, P <0.05). Conclusions Formal sinus node injury model can be successfully established by formaldehyde wet compressing method. The electrophysiological changes are similar to those of clinical sick sinus syndrome.