一、研究现状国内外关于教师挑战的研究较为全面:对象上,涉及各级各类各学科、不同区域教师;内容上,涉及观念、技术、改革等各方面带来的挑战。但这些研究以旁观者的身份对教师所面临的挑战作应然分析的居多。或是对未来新形势的分析——提出对教师的要求;或是对文件文本的解读——教师的职业标准是什么;或是对其他人的调查——大众期望,社会、市场导向。 I. Research Status The research on teacher’s challenges both at home and abroad is quite comprehensive: the subjects involve various disciplines at all levels and teachers in different regions; and the content involves challenges in terms of concepts, technologies and reforms. However, most of these studies should be analyzed bystander’s challenge to teachers. Or an analysis of the new situation for the future - making demands on teachers; interpreting the text of the documents; what are the professional standards of teachers; or surveys of others - public expectations, society, market orientation.