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采用均匀试验设计,研究6个播期配合6个收获期对郑单958和伟科702生长发育、株型结构和产量性状的影响,通过播期、收获期调控实现高产。结果表明,冀中地区6月12日前播种,玉米抽雄和吐丝持续时间更为集中,播期每推迟3 d,抽雄和吐丝日期后推1 d;继续推迟播期,抽雄和吐丝日期后推4~5 d。2014年6月12日播种处理吐丝期冠层温度最高,不利于玉米授粉;6月15日后播种穗位叶SPAD值降低,尤其是生育后期伟科702叶片SPAD值降低幅度较大。播期对株高、穗位高和基部茎粗影响较大,播期与收获期对产量及其构成影响均显著,穗粒数随播期推迟而降低,千粒重随生育期延长而提高。经回归分析得出,夏玉米每提早播种1 d,产量平均增加98.4 kg/hm2;每推迟收获1 d,平均增产103.3 kg/hm2。郑单958获得较高产量的播期、收获期最佳组合为6月6日至6月12日播种,10月4日至10日收获。
The uniform design was used to study the effects of six sowing dates and six harvesting dates on the growth and development, plant type structure and yield traits of Zhengdan 958 and Weike 702, and the high yield was achieved through the sowing and harvesting stages. The results showed that the duration of tasselling and spinning of maize was more concentrated in Jizhong before sowing on June 12, the sowing time was 3 days postponed, the sowing date was 1 day, and the sowing date was 1 day. Push 4 ~ 5 d. On June 12, 2014, the canopy temperature was the highest at the silking stage, which was detrimental to pollination of corn. The SPAD value of the ear was lower after sowing on June 15, especially at the late growth stage. The effects of sowing date on plant height, ear height and base stem diameter were significant. The effects of sowing date and harvest time on yield and its composition were significant. The number of grains per ear decreased with the delay of sowing date, and the grain weight increased with the extension of growth period. The regression analysis showed that the average yield of summer maize increased 98.4 kg / hm2 for every 1 d of seeding and 103.3 kg / hm2 for each postponed harvest for 1 d. Zheng Dan 958 obtained a higher yield of sowing date, the best combination of harvesting was sown from June 6 to June 12 and harvested from October 4 to October 10.