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目的:探讨辣椒素治疗实验性变应性鼻炎的机制,进一步研究变应性鼻炎中神经肽与肥大细胞之间的关系。方法:健康SD大鼠30只,随机分为自然对照组、变应性鼻炎组和辣椒素治疗组,每组各10只。用卵清蛋白腹腔注射免疫,继之鼻腔局部免疫建立大鼠变应性鼻炎模型,并进行辣椒素治疗2周,观察各组大鼠行为学改变,取各组动物的鼻黏膜行常规苏木精-伊红染色、甲苯胺蓝染色及免疫组织化学染色,计数并比较肥大细胞在各组之间的差异,观察P物质(SP)在鼻黏膜中分布密度的差异。结果:变应性鼻炎组肥大细胞计数大于自然对照组(P<0.01)。辣椒素治疗组肥大细胞少见,低于变应性鼻炎组(P<0.01);SP的表达低于变应性鼻炎组(P<0.01),但与自然对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。组织中SP的表达与肥大细胞浸润有一定的正相关性(r=0.8252,P<0.05)。结论:辣椒素治疗变应性鼻炎模型可有效减少肥大细胞的浸润,使SP表达减少,各种过敏症状明显改善。
Objective: To investigate the mechanism of capsaicin in the treatment of experimental allergic rhinitis and further study the relationship between neuropeptides and mast cells in allergic rhinitis. Methods: Thirty healthy SD rats were randomly divided into natural control group, allergic rhinitis group and capsaicin treatment group, with 10 rats in each group. Ovalbumin intraperitoneal injection of immunization, followed by nasal local immunization rat model of allergic rhinitis, and capsaicin treatment for 2 weeks, observed the behavioral changes in rats of each group, taking the animals of the nasal mucosa routine hematoxylin Eosin staining, toluidine blue staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed. The difference of mast cells in each group was counted and compared. The difference of distribution density of substance P (SP) in nasal mucosa was observed. Results: The number of mast cells in allergic rhinitis group was larger than that in natural control group (P <0.01). The number of mast cells in the capsaicin treatment group was less than that in the allergic rhinitis group (P <0.01), and the expression of SP was lower than that in the allergic rhinitis group (P <0.01), but there was no significant difference compared with the control group > 0.05). Tissue SP expression and mast cell infiltration have a certain positive correlation (r = 0.8252, P <0.05). Conclusion: The treatment of allergic rhinitis with capsaicin can effectively reduce the infiltration of mast cells, reduce the expression of SP, and obviously improve various allergic symptoms.