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考点一 考查be used to do sth的用法
be used to do sth其实是use sth to do sth(用某物做某事)的被动语态形式,其意为“被用来做某事”。比较下面的句子:
主动语态:We used money to buy things. 我们用钱买东西。
被动语态:Money is used to buy things. 钱被用来买东西。
主动语态:People use boards to make floors. 人们用木板来铺地板。
主动语态:Boards are used to make floors. 木板可用来铺地板。
考点二 考查be used to doing sth的用法
与前面一个结构不同的是,这个 be used to 后面接的动词用了动名词,因为这里的to 是介词,be used to 是个习语,意思是“习惯于”,所以 be used to doing sth 的意思就是“习惯于做某事”。如:
He is used to taking long walks. 他习惯于长途步行。
I am used to working in a noisy room. 我习惯于在喧闹的房间里工作。
若要表示从不习惯到习惯的过程,可用 get、 become 等代替动词 be。如:
They soon became used to driving on the left. 他们不久就习惯于靠左边行车。
You’ll soon get used to living in the country. 很快你就会习惯于住在乡下了。
考点三 考查used to do sth的用法
与前面的两个结构相比,used to do sth有处明显的不同,那就是它的前面没有动词be,这个used to后面要接动词原形,而不是动名词。这里的used to也是习语,意思是“过去经常”“过去常常”,尤其用于强调与现在的对比,即过去常常做某事但现在不做某事了。如:
I used to smoke, but I don’t any more / any longer. 我过去常吸烟,但我现在已不吸了。
I never used to eat a large breakfast, but I do now. 我过去早饭吃得不多,可现在我吃得很多。
比较下面两句,所用结构不同,意思也不相同:
People living there used to take two meals a day. 住在那儿的居民过去每天吃两餐。
People living there are used to taking two meals a day. 住在那儿的居民习惯于每天吃两餐。
另外注意,used to do sth是一个很特殊的结构,它的否定式和疑问式有两种构成方式:一是借助助动词did,二是直接将 used 用作助动词。如:
I used not [didn’t use] to like fishing, but now I do. 我过去不喜欢钓鱼,但是现在喜欢了。
Used you [Did you use] to play football at school? 过去你在学校里常踢足球吗?
【即学即练】用括号内所给词的适当形式填空:
1. The teacher told the students that these words can’t be ________(use) before nouns.
2. It took weeks to get used to ________ (have) someone else around.
3. We used to ________ (have) someone to do the cleaning, but now we do it ourselves.
4. I ________ (use) to work in the garden every day but I lost heart when all the plants died.
5. The woman that spoke to me in the shop used to ________ (live) next door.
(参考答案:1. used 2. having 3. have 4. used 5. live)
(编辑 陈根花)
be used to do sth其实是use sth to do sth(用某物做某事)的被动语态形式,其意为“被用来做某事”。比较下面的句子:
主动语态:We used money to buy things. 我们用钱买东西。
被动语态:Money is used to buy things. 钱被用来买东西。
主动语态:People use boards to make floors. 人们用木板来铺地板。
主动语态:Boards are used to make floors. 木板可用来铺地板。
考点二 考查be used to doing sth的用法
与前面一个结构不同的是,这个 be used to 后面接的动词用了动名词,因为这里的to 是介词,be used to 是个习语,意思是“习惯于”,所以 be used to doing sth 的意思就是“习惯于做某事”。如:
He is used to taking long walks. 他习惯于长途步行。
I am used to working in a noisy room. 我习惯于在喧闹的房间里工作。
若要表示从不习惯到习惯的过程,可用 get、 become 等代替动词 be。如:
They soon became used to driving on the left. 他们不久就习惯于靠左边行车。
You’ll soon get used to living in the country. 很快你就会习惯于住在乡下了。
考点三 考查used to do sth的用法
与前面的两个结构相比,used to do sth有处明显的不同,那就是它的前面没有动词be,这个used to后面要接动词原形,而不是动名词。这里的used to也是习语,意思是“过去经常”“过去常常”,尤其用于强调与现在的对比,即过去常常做某事但现在不做某事了。如:
I used to smoke, but I don’t any more / any longer. 我过去常吸烟,但我现在已不吸了。
I never used to eat a large breakfast, but I do now. 我过去早饭吃得不多,可现在我吃得很多。
比较下面两句,所用结构不同,意思也不相同:
People living there used to take two meals a day. 住在那儿的居民过去每天吃两餐。
People living there are used to taking two meals a day. 住在那儿的居民习惯于每天吃两餐。
另外注意,used to do sth是一个很特殊的结构,它的否定式和疑问式有两种构成方式:一是借助助动词did,二是直接将 used 用作助动词。如:
I used not [didn’t use] to like fishing, but now I do. 我过去不喜欢钓鱼,但是现在喜欢了。
Used you [Did you use] to play football at school? 过去你在学校里常踢足球吗?
【即学即练】用括号内所给词的适当形式填空:
1. The teacher told the students that these words can’t be ________(use) before nouns.
2. It took weeks to get used to ________ (have) someone else around.
3. We used to ________ (have) someone to do the cleaning, but now we do it ourselves.
4. I ________ (use) to work in the garden every day but I lost heart when all the plants died.
5. The woman that spoke to me in the shop used to ________ (live) next door.
(参考答案:1. used 2. having 3. have 4. used 5. live)
(编辑 陈根花)