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目的探讨农药眼刺激强度的影响因素。方法选择阿维菌素、氟氯氰菊酯和啶虫脒等10种农药活性成分,乳油、微乳剂和水乳剂等12种剂型,共61个农药制剂样品进行眼刺激试验,将其眼刺激强度和损伤类型分类,比较农药活性成分、浓度和剂型对眼刺激强度与损伤类型的影响,比较不同剂型间角膜损伤率的差异。结果阿维菌素乳油、吡虫啉悬浮剂和代森锰锌可湿性粉剂的浓度与眼刺激强度间未见明确的相关性。4种不同剂型的高效氯氰菊酯制剂的眼刺激强弱顺序大致为乳油>水乳剂、微乳剂>悬浮剂。乳油样品的角膜损伤率为60.0%(6/10),非乳油样品的角膜损伤率约为7.3%(3/41),差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.942,P<0.05)。结论本研究纳入的样品中,剂型对眼刺激强度的影响最大,其中尤以乳油制剂的眼刺激性最强。
Objective To explore the influencing factors of eye irritation intensity of pesticide. Methods A total of 61 pesticide preparations, including avermectin, cyfluthrin and acetamiprid, were selected from 12 pesticide active ingredients, such as emulsifiable concentrates, microemulsions and water emulsions. Eye irritation test was performed on the samples. The eye irritation intensity and damage Type classification, comparing the impact of pesticide active ingredient, concentration and dosage form on the intensity of eye irritation and injury type, and comparing the difference of corneal injury rate between different dosage forms. Results There was no clear correlation between the concentrations of abamectin EC, imidacloprid suspension and mancozeb wettable powder and eye irritation intensity. The order of the eye irritation of 4 different dosage forms of beta-cypermethrin preparations was emulsifiable concentrate> water emulsion, microemulsion> suspending agent. The corneal injury rate was 60.0% (6/10) in EC samples and 7.3% (3/41) in non-EC samples (χ2 = 11.942, P <0.05). Conclusion Among the samples included in this study, the dosage form has the greatest effect on the eye irritation intensity, and especially the creamy eye cream has the strongest eye irritation.