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本文扼要地介绍了日本对虾培苗的方法,包括幼虫变态的一般情况。 在日本,基本上采用三种培养方法:(1)单一培养(monoculture);(2)多种类培养(multispecte culture);(3)生态系培养(ecosystern culture)。单一培养需有两个池子:一个养藻类,另一个养幼虫。这种方法能将食物直接供给澄状幼虫。多种类培养只需一个池子,因为藻类是在培苗池中用无机营养物培育的,而无机营养物是从无节幼虫期就开始供给。与此相反,生态系培养则用有机营养物,如豆饼颗粒来培养藻类和溞状幼虫。为了用氧化过程来清洁池底和促进能量的流通,可用一台活动充气机强力通气,但要特别谨慎。 1969年,濑户内海养殖渔业协会志布志工作站设计了水容积2500米~3的装有活动充气机的生态系培养池。用这种方法从无节幼虫1期到15日令的仔虾获得了90%的成活率。1975年每池每次的平均产量为2200万尾仔虾。
This article briefly describes the method of nursery shrimp cultivation, including larval metamorphosis of the general situation. In Japan, basically three culture methods are used: (1) monoculture; (2) multispecte culture; (3) ecosystern culture. A single culture requires two pools: one for algae and one for larvae. This method can feed the food directly to the larvae of the species. There is only one pond for many types of cultivation because algae are cultivated with inorganic nutrients in nursery ponds and inorganic nutrients are supplied starting from nauplii. In contrast, ecosystem cultivation uses organic nutrients such as bean cake to grow algae and slug larvae. In order to clean the bottom of the tank with an oxidation process and to promote the flow of energy, an active inflator can be used for strong ventilation, but with special care. In 1969, the Seto Inland Sea Breeding and Fisheries Association Shibushi Work Station designed an aquaculture pond equipped with an active inflator with a water volume of 2,500-3. In this way larvae of nauplii 1 to 15 were given 90% survival rates. In 1975, the average yield per pond was 22 million larval shrimp.