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完形填空考查考生对所学语言知识的掌握和综合运用能力。它集词语辨析、词的用法及搭配、语法、单句理解、语篇理解于一体,既考查考生的语言知识水平,又检测其分析判断能力和综合运用语言知识的实践能力。
一、利用首句信息,推测语篇主旨
完形填空所选短文的第一句通常为主题句,一般不设空。把握了主题句对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。
As a general rule,all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规)basis.As a matter of fact,we can see this 42(41es) at work in people of all 42(ages) .(2014课标Ⅰ)
41.A.Principle B.habit C.way D.power
答案:A。根据首句中的a general rule(一般规则)可知本空答案为principle(规律)。
二、寻找提示信息,重视语境意义
完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解,所以考生在做题时要有全局观念,进行连贯性思维,要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思聯系起来理解,进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。
It runs in the 42(53es) .Michael’s father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier.Michael Greenberg feels the 54(same) .A pair of gloves may be a 55(mall) thing,but it can make a big difference in winter.(2013课标Ⅱ)
53.A.city B.family C.neighborhood D.company
答案:B。上文介绍了Michel Greenberg总是送手套给穷人,而本空后又介绍了他的父亲从前也帮助穷人,因此可推知乐意助人是Michael家的传统。
三、识别语篇标志,理清逻辑关系
对语篇逻辑的理解能力是完形填空主要考查内容之一,这就要求考生不仅要注意句子中的词语搭配,更要从整体上把握文章的结构和脉络。
Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains.They reached the top 42(41es) ,but on their way back conditions were very 42(42es) .(2014课标II)
41.A.Hurriedly B.Carefully C.Successfully D.early
42.A.Difficult B.Similar C.special D.normal
答案:41.C。登顶成功(successfully)。
42.A。他们成功登顶,但是在返回的路上情况变得困难起来。
四、利用原词复现,寻找近义词语
完形填空试题中,有些词语常常重复出现在语篇之中。因此要学会充分利用这些词提供的有效信息进行合理的推测判断,选出正确答案。
Everyone started to 42(55es) their hands.Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and the applause was deafening.I knew then Suzy was going to be all right.(2014北京)
55.A.Clap B.Wave C.raise D.shake
答案:A。由后面的applause(掌声)可知此处表示“大家开始鼓掌”。
五、巧用背景常识,简化判断过程
完形填空命题有时渗透着如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时要积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识,巧妙地加以运用。
When 1 was just 20 months old,I suffered serious 13(burns) after a bowl full of hot oil fell on my head.I was 42(14es) tohospital and had to stay there for weeks while the doctors 42(15es) to save my life.(2013四川)
14.A.Rushed B.Led C.Invited D.forced
15.A.1earned B.Fought C.Returned D.decided
答案:14.A。在孩子受伤之后,肯定会被快速送到医院去。
15.B。急诊病人被送进医院,医生定会竭尽全力抢救。
六、注意习惯用语,熟记常见句型
答题时通过分析习惯用法、词语搭配、固定搭配等搭配关系和句子结构,进行有效的推理判断,从而选出正确选项。
That’s especially impressive, 42(37es) she is legally blind,born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift constantly.She often sees double and can’t 38 (tell) how far away things are.(2013北京)
37.A.Since B.Unless C.after D.though
答案:A。前后两句为因果关系,故用since表示原因。
总之,完形填空的解题绝不是无章可循的,而是有自己的命题规律和解题依据。同学们在平时的练习中可以尝试使用以上解题技巧,不断积累语言知识,就一定能够获得高分。
一、利用首句信息,推测语篇主旨
完形填空所选短文的第一句通常为主题句,一般不设空。把握了主题句对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。
As a general rule,all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规)basis.As a matter of fact,we can see this 42(41es) at work in people of all 42(ages) .(2014课标Ⅰ)
41.A.Principle B.habit C.way D.power
答案:A。根据首句中的a general rule(一般规则)可知本空答案为principle(规律)。
二、寻找提示信息,重视语境意义
完形填空主要考查考生对语境的理解,所以考生在做题时要有全局观念,进行连贯性思维,要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思聯系起来理解,进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。
It runs in the 42(53es) .Michael’s father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier.Michael Greenberg feels the 54(same) .A pair of gloves may be a 55(mall) thing,but it can make a big difference in winter.(2013课标Ⅱ)
53.A.city B.family C.neighborhood D.company
答案:B。上文介绍了Michel Greenberg总是送手套给穷人,而本空后又介绍了他的父亲从前也帮助穷人,因此可推知乐意助人是Michael家的传统。
三、识别语篇标志,理清逻辑关系
对语篇逻辑的理解能力是完形填空主要考查内容之一,这就要求考生不仅要注意句子中的词语搭配,更要从整体上把握文章的结构和脉络。
Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains.They reached the top 42(41es) ,but on their way back conditions were very 42(42es) .(2014课标II)
41.A.Hurriedly B.Carefully C.Successfully D.early
42.A.Difficult B.Similar C.special D.normal
答案:41.C。登顶成功(successfully)。
42.A。他们成功登顶,但是在返回的路上情况变得困难起来。
四、利用原词复现,寻找近义词语
完形填空试题中,有些词语常常重复出现在语篇之中。因此要学会充分利用这些词提供的有效信息进行合理的推测判断,选出正确答案。
Everyone started to 42(55es) their hands.Suzy Khan gave them a shy smile and the applause was deafening.I knew then Suzy was going to be all right.(2014北京)
55.A.Clap B.Wave C.raise D.shake
答案:A。由后面的applause(掌声)可知此处表示“大家开始鼓掌”。
五、巧用背景常识,简化判断过程
完形填空命题有时渗透着如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时要积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识,巧妙地加以运用。
When 1 was just 20 months old,I suffered serious 13(burns) after a bowl full of hot oil fell on my head.I was 42(14es) tohospital and had to stay there for weeks while the doctors 42(15es) to save my life.(2013四川)
14.A.Rushed B.Led C.Invited D.forced
15.A.1earned B.Fought C.Returned D.decided
答案:14.A。在孩子受伤之后,肯定会被快速送到医院去。
15.B。急诊病人被送进医院,医生定会竭尽全力抢救。
六、注意习惯用语,熟记常见句型
答题时通过分析习惯用法、词语搭配、固定搭配等搭配关系和句子结构,进行有效的推理判断,从而选出正确选项。
That’s especially impressive, 42(37es) she is legally blind,born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift constantly.She often sees double and can’t 38 (tell) how far away things are.(2013北京)
37.A.Since B.Unless C.after D.though
答案:A。前后两句为因果关系,故用since表示原因。
总之,完形填空的解题绝不是无章可循的,而是有自己的命题规律和解题依据。同学们在平时的练习中可以尝试使用以上解题技巧,不断积累语言知识,就一定能够获得高分。