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【目的】棉花体细胞胚胎发生是转基因棉花新品种培育的重要条件,由于棉花不同品种中的基因型差别,棉花胚胎发生率及植株再生率较低。分析影响棉花体胚的成熟和萌发、体胚发生同步化控制、减少褐化率和畸形胚比例,以及提高植株再生率等主要因素,为解决棉花组织培养的关键问题提供参考。【方法】收集近年来棉花体细胞胚发生和应用研究进行总结与分析。【结果】分析了影响棉花体细胞胚胎发生和植株再生过程的主要限制性因素。【结论】明确了存在的主要问题及给出相应对策,为深入探讨棉花品种的体细胞胚的发生发育规律及高效组织培养体系的建立提供科学依据。
【Objective】 Cotton somatic embryogenesis is an important condition for cultivating new varieties of transgenic cotton. Because of the difference of genotypes in different varieties of cotton, cotton embryo incidence and plant regeneration rate are low. The main factors influencing the maturation and germination of cotton somatic embryos, synchronization of somatic embryogenesis, the proportion of browning and deformity embryos, and the rate of plant regeneration were analyzed to provide references for solving the key problems of cotton tissue culture. 【Method】 The collection and application of somatic embryos in cotton in recent years were summarized and analyzed. 【Result】 The main limiting factors affecting the process of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in cotton were analyzed. 【Conclusion】 The main problems existed and the corresponding countermeasures were clarified, which provided scientific basis for in-depth study on the occurrence and development of somatic embryos and the establishment of efficient tissue culture system in cotton.