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目的观察饮食铁含量和长期有氧运动对雌性大鼠血液铁状态和海马非血红素铁(NHI)贮存的影响,探讨外周铁浓度与脑铁浓度的变化关系。方法采用断乳雌性SD大鼠71只,随机分为3组:饮食低铁含量组(12 mg/kg),饮食标准铁含量组(45 mg/kg)和饮食高铁含量组(1 000 mg/kg),其中每一组再分为运动组和静息组。用相应的铁含量饲料喂养1个月后,运动组进入游泳期,每周5 d,每天1次,每次30 min,持续3个月。静息组除不进行运动外,其余处理与对应运动组相同。在末次运动后,所有大鼠禁食24 h,用戊巴比妥钠麻醉后静脉取血,测定红细胞相关指标和血清铁状态指标;断头取全脑,冰上快速分离出海马,测定海马NHI含量。结果与标准铁含量静息组比,低铁含量静息组血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞压积(HCT)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)和平均红细胞血红蛋白量(MCH)均降低(P<0.05),红细胞分布宽度(RDW)和血浆总铁结合力(TIBC)升高(P<0.05)。低铁含量饮食时(ID),与静息组比,运动组Hb、HCT显著升高(P<0.01),海马NHI含量升高(P<0.05),血清铁(SI)、转铁蛋白饱和度(TS)均显著降低(P<0.01)。高铁含量饮食时(SU),与静息组比,运动组血浆TIBC升高(P<0.05),TS降低(P<0.05)。结论低铁含量饮食导致雌性大鼠出现血液低铁状态,机体对于饮食铁不足有适应性调节;低铁饮食下长期低强度运动会加重雌性大鼠血液低铁状态,并且导致脑内海马铁贮存水平升高。
Objective To observe the effects of dietary iron content and long-term aerobic exercise on blood iron status and hippocampal non-heme iron (NHI) storage in female rats and to explore the relationship between peripheral iron concentration and brain iron concentration. Methods 71 weaned female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: low iron diet group (12 mg / kg), dietary standard iron group (45 mg / kg) and high iron diet group (1 000 mg / kg), with each group subdivided into exercise and resting groups. After feeding with the corresponding iron content for 1 month, the exercise group entered the swimming period, 5 days a week, once a day for 30 minutes each for 3 months. Resting group in addition to not exercise, the rest of the treatment and the corresponding exercise group the same. After the last exercise, all rats were fasted for 24 h, and venous blood was obtained after anesthesia with pentobarbital sodium. The indexes of erythrocytes and serum iron status were determined. The whole brain was decapitated and the hippocampus was quickly isolated on ice. The hippocampus NHI content. Results Compared with the standard iron content resting group, Hb, HCT, MCV and MCH in the low iron content resting group were lower than those in the standard iron content resting group (P <0.05) The RDW and TIBC increased (P <0.05). Compared with the rest group, the Hb and HCT in the exercise group were significantly increased (P <0.01), the NHI content in the hippocampus was increased (P <0.05), the serum iron (SI), transferrin saturation (TS) were significantly lower (P <0.01). Compared with resting group, exercise group had higher TIBC (P <0.05) and lower TS (P <0.05) at high iron content dietary intake (SU). Conclusion Low-iron diet led to low blood iron status in the female rats and adaptive regulation of iron deficiency in the diet. Long-term low-intensity exercise in low-iron diet increased the blood low-iron status of female rats and resulted in increased iron storage in the hippocampus high.